What does a diaphragm pump primarily rely on to control fluid flow?

A diaphragm pump primarily relies on check-valves to control fluid flow. In a diaphragm pump, the diaphragm moves back and forth to create a pressure differential, which draws fluid into the pumping chamber and then forces it out. The check-valves are essential components that ensure fluid directionality; they allow fluid to enter the chamber on one stroke and prevent backflow during the next stroke. This one-way functionality is crucial, as it maintains consistent flow and pressure during the pumping process.

While piston movement is involved in the diaphragm pump's operation, it is not the primary mechanism for controlling flow; rather, it is the movement of the diaphragm that facilitates pumping. Gravity can influence fluid movement in some situations, but it is not a mechanism that diaphragm pumps rely on. Vacuum can be utilized in certain pumping applications, but it is not the primary control method used in diaphragm pumps specifically. The check-valve system is fundamental to the entire operation, allowing for effective and controlled fluid movement.